Clinical use
Detecting exposure to cadmium, a toxic heavy metal.
Background
The toxicity of cadmium resembles the other heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, and lead) in that it attacks the kidney; renal dysfunction with proteinuria of slow onset (over a period of years) is the typical presentation.
Breathing the fumes of cadmium vapours leads to nasal epithelial deterioration and pulmonary congestion resembling chronic emphysema.
The most common source of chronic exposure comes from spray painting of organic-based paints without use of a protective breathing apparatus; auto repair mechanics represent a susceptible group for cadmium toxicity. In addition, another common source of cadmium exposure is tobacco smoke.
Reference ranges
Smokers: 3 – 30 nmol/L
Non – Smokers: 3 – 10 nmol/L
Associated diseases
Patient preparation
None required
Specimen requirements
EDTA sample, whole blood. Do not centrifuge, dispatch as whole blood.
Turnaround time
2 weeks
Additional Information
Concentrations depend on smoking status. Record on request form if known.
Referred test
Referred test
Location
Health and Safety Laboratory